Is Free Cash better than dividend per share (DPS) Assignment

Is Free Cash better than dividend per share (DPS) - Assignment Example This study examines between Earnings per Share and Free Cash to determine the best investment option. Dividend is a payment made by public corporations to the shareholders from the profits. Dividend per Share (DPS) refers to the sum or dividends of declared dividends for every ordinary share issued (Brigham & Daves, 2012). Dividends are a proportion of company’s profits reported by the business to the shareholders since shareholders are owners of the company and deserve a share of company’s profit. When a corporation decides to issue a dividend to the shareholders they allocate a fixed amount per share with shareholders getting a fraction of dividend proportionate to the shares, they hold (Brigham & Daves, 2012). Some corporations issue fixed sum of dividends to the shareholders and transfer the other undistributed profit amount is maintained as retained earnings. Investing in companies that issue shareholders with dividend gives the investors an opportunity to generate a steady return through income from the stock purchases (Ehrhardt & Brigham, 2010). However, the com pany should examine the pay-out ratio to ensure the earnings of the company are capable of supporting the current dividend payment amount. Investing in a corporation with the dividend per share implies the shareholders have the higher chance of increasing income, but the company has a problem with managing its operations due to inadequacy of cash (Ehrhardt & Brigham, 2010) Free cash flow refer to pay a firm has generated for its shareholders after deducting expenses investing in its growth. It measures the amount of cash per share a company makes after accounting for capital costs such as buildings and equipment (Westbrook, 2014, p.111). It is equivalent to total cash flow less capital spending. It is essential in a corporation because it plans the financial health of the company and gets rid of all accounting suppositions built into earnings. It is a measure of the company’s

Literature Changes During the Civil War Essay Example for Free

Literature Changes During the Civil War Essay When the country was still quite young and change was ever-imminent, our great America wasn’t always so great. This budding country lacked its own culture, and every single work produced by its inhabitants was rooted to an earlier version from its mother Britain. Much of our nation was devoid of literary culture and education. We were often looked down upon by other countries flourishing with their own trademark foods, goods, and customs. Very few prominent writers such as Ralph Waldo Emerson were able to create a base example of what an American literature might actually look like. Prior to the Civil War, there were almost no published American authors, as the United States was more inclined toward English texts, which were less expensive. Reading and writing had just begun to trickle down to the middle class, making literature much more popular among the common man, as rates of literacy rose tremendously. The multitude of uses for literature once the Civil War began caused an even larger development. During a time of great change and conflict, America began a period of immense literary thirst. Before the Civil War started, literature had only recently become a more regular piece of daily life. At first only the wealthiest could be expected to know how to read and write. However, as the nation approached the time of the Civil War, the lower classes were also expanding their education by becoming literate. The common man started to take more of an interest and a stand in the goings on of the country- for the most part, learning how to read allowed them to keep up with the happenings from around the nation. Literature was also serving a more entertaining purpose. Fiction grew in popularity, but infamy too. â€Å"American statesmen and leaders were fearful of fiction. They accurately understood its subversive power: fiction empowered individuals; it catered to peoples passions, fancies, and whims, which threatened republican ideas of order and rationality,† (Stauffer 237). As this quote explains, many politicians believed that fiction would lead to chaos and revolution. Literature has always had the power to plant a seed in our minds, and this was no different during the time of the Civil War. Still, these opinions did not keep novels from finding a place in most households. Mostly middle- and upper-class women were the audience for this type of reading material. Fiction, spreading rapidly, became one of the most popular types of literature in this era. Literature before the Civil War was mainly centered on functionality. Literacy had just begun to grow, so the people who learned to read had to have a reason for it. The most common reading material of the time included religious reading, instructive reading, newspapers and magazines, and â€Å"reading for escape† (Salisbury). The best method of escaping for bored housewives or even the common man was a novel. As previously stated, these fictional stories had just begun to boom in popularity. Religious reading mostly included bible study, common for the average Christian household. Newspapers and magazines were crucial for spreading news, and when the nation found an efficient way to broadcast information, people snatched them up. During a time when you couldn’t turn on your flat screen television or pull out your iPad for news updates, newspapers were essential to society. Finally, guides were another usual form of reading material. Stay-at-home wives collected cookbooks and mothering manuals by the shelf-full. All these types of reading provided some function to those who read them, which displays how the country used literature in a very confined manner. The Civil War had a big impact on literature, but literature also had a large impact on the Civil War. For example, the movement against slavery was intensified by passionate works of literature such as Uncle Tom’s Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stowe. These novels helped to spark an interest in the subject for many more people, particularly those of a higher class, who then began to encourage the movement. Literature needed to change in numerous ways. When the war began, letters would be used to keep families in touch with soldiers. News would become more biased and exaggerated depending on its origin (North vs. South). Many children created care packages and wrote letters to soldiers, which gave the men at war some hope and knowledge of the outside world. In 1864, Harper’s Weekly published a story about a young girl named Lula who wished to write a letter to a soldier. That letter wound up in the hands of Daniel P. Fleming- a man who had no family to write to. â€Å"Lula’s letter came when he felt forsaken—desperate—and saved him† (Diffley). Their correspondence created a magnificent bond that carried Fleming throughout the war, and impacted both he and Lula for the remainder of their lives. Literature served a great purpose in the Civil War, and its growth did not stop there. When literature grew in popularity, it had a plethora of effects. It both helped and hurt our country. On one hand, it led to the letters that kept the spirits of our soldiers high. On the other, it produced media that exaggerated truths and spread lies. Since the North and South had greatly varying opinions at the time, their news sources also greatly varied. Each would produce its own version of the truth, and neither would be completely honest. This sensationalism only continued to spread, which became its worst in the 20th century. Not all of the effects of literature’s changes were completely bad, though. Novels allowed people to escape the awful experiences they were going through, if only for a little while. Writers became more successful and American authors had more of a chance as American writing took over the aforementioned British literature. Essays and stories meant to rally the nation during war kept each side unified, even as the country itself split in half. Literature was, perhaps, a great factor in keeping the United States from permanently disbanding. Literature impacts a lot in our lives today: it is a tell-tale sign of the amount of education one receives, it determines a lot of our viewpoints on many issues, and it can even affect the choices you make. This was true during the Civil War era as well, but this took off mostly at the time of the Civil War itself. Before the war, literature had only just begun to spread. It was quite obviously linked to social class as well, as the upper classes were known to have a much higher percentage of literacy than the lower classes. Also, British works became less popular, while American authors prospered. With novels on the rise with the common woman, literature asserted itself as an everyday piece of life. This was reinforced by the use of newspapers, magazines, and books that provided instruction and recipes. Literature took off right before the start of the Civil War, in part causing it. Certain literary works had a strong impact on society, creating controversy and drawing the boundary between the North and the South. Literature also played a huge role in the lives of many soldiers during the war itself. It not only kept the soldiers motivated by giving them something to look forward too, but it also connected them to the outside world and reminded them of all the people they were fighting for. Literature helped to both keep this country together and tear it apart. While the printed media was not always as honest as it should’ve been, and the letters did not always keep the soldiers motivated, it is impossible to argue that literature went through an incredible change during the Civil War. Literature will always be a part of our lives, and this rang especially true during this time of struggle, which unlocked an appetite for literature that our country had never known before.

Toni Morrisons Sula - Character of Sula as a Rose Essay -- Sula Essay

The Character of Sula as a Rose Authors developed the canon in order to set a standard of literature that most people needed to have read or to have been familiar with. The works included in the canon used words such as beautiful, lovely, fair, and innocent to describe women. The canonical works also used conventional symbols to compare the women to flowers such as the rose and the lily. Thomas Campion depicts the typical description of women in his poem, "There is a Garden in Her Face." He describes the women by stating, "There is a garden in her face/ Where roses and white lilies grow,/ A heavenly paradise is that place,/ Wherein all pleasant fruits do flow" (1044-5). The roses and lilies are used to portray beautiful, frail women who are admired by all and placed high on a pedestal for all to adore. Going against the canon, Toni Morrison still uses flowers to describe the women in her novel Sula. The women Morrison describes are not fair, pure, or innocent. Sula, the main character compared to a rose, is not adm ired by all in society. Society looks down upon her because of her promiscuity and her carefree attitude. In Sula, Morrison depicts Sula as having a birthmark in the shape of a stemmed rose over one eye. Sula's birthmark "spread from the middle of the lid toward the eyebrow, shaped something like a stemmed-rose... [that] gave her other wise plain face a broken excitement" (52). At first, when Sula is young and inexperienced, the mark is the "same shade as her gold-flecked eyes" (53). The light shade of the mark represents the time before Sula goes to college and experiences men and her sexuality. When Sula returns from the outside world to the Bottom, Sula's best friend Nel notices that "[the mark] was dark... ...and does not need the approval of the Bottom. Toni Morrison clearly depicts an opposing view of the traditional symbolization of the rose. Although Sula is not frail and beautiful, she is still set on a pedestal. Instead of people admiring her, they fear her and the life she leads. The use her as an excuse to lead better lives. However, when she dies, the Bottom falls apart. The people no longer have a common bond of hatred towards Sula. Reality befalls the community with Sula's death. At first, the Bottom seems content with Sula's death, however, "[people of the Bottom] returned to a steeping resentment of the burdens of old people. Wives uncoddled their husbands; there seemed no further need to reinforce their vanity" (153-4). The town no longer has a rose to blame their mishaps. Instead, they must face up to their reality and their misfortune.

The Arts That Shaped America: Arts of the 1920s :: essays research papers

Art by definition is the conscious production or arrangement of sounds, colors, forms, movements, or other elements in a manner that affects the sense of beauty, specifically the production of the beautiful in a graphic or plastic medium. Whether it was shown visually or musically, the arts of the twenties were reflective of the time period. Even in books, the extravagance that people lived in was evident. The music of the twenties was on the opposite end of the spectrum from the music that had been its predecessor. With a quicker tempo, dynamics different then anything before it, dances that were of the youth and viewed as taboo, and powered by brass and rhythm instruments , jazz had become a mainstream for the youth of the twenties (Handley). In stark contrast of the Beethoven and the â€Å"usual† waltzes that people danced to, jazz was in your face and frowned down upon. According to the older generation, and quoted in the New York American, â€Å"Moral disaster is coming to hundreds of young American girls through the pathological, nerve-irritating, sex-exciting music of jazz orchestras" (Ward, Burns). In the 1920s, Jazz and Blues became very popular. Singers and musicians like Fat Waller, "Jelly Roll' Morton, Louis Armstrong, Duke Ellington, and Lucille Bogan could be heard world wide. Bing Crosby, Annette Hanshaw, Al Jolson, Maria Anderson and George Gershw in were also making in big in the music world. George Gershwin composed some of the most noticeable blues pieces of the nineteen twenties. Rhapsody in Blue, An American in Paris, and Piano Concerto in F, Rhapsody No. 2. Louis Armstrong, by far the king of the trumpet is the poster boy for pure jazz. With his revolutionary playing, he was able to break the trend of the typical â€Å"Dixieland† jazz music with his solos alone. During the nineteen twenties films were becoming more popular, creating five major studios and three minor studios (â€Å"Films History of The 1920s.†) The five major studios, some of which are still around today, were: Warner Brothers, Paramount Pictures (originally named Famous players), Mutual Film Corporation, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, and Fox Film Corporation. Warner Bros. Pictures, incorporated in 1923 by the brothers (Jack, Harry, Albert, and Sam); the studio's first principal asset was Rin Tin Tin. MGM, first named Metro-Goldwyn Pictures - in 1924 formed from the merger of Metro Pictures (1915), Samuel Goldwyn Picture Corporation (1917), and the Louis B. Mayer Pictures Company (1918).

Should the Government Regulate Our Health

Should The Government Regulate Our Health? Posted: 01/29/10 10:58 AM ET Get Healthy Living Alerts Sign Up Submit this story I was in my late 20's when I walked into a dialysis clinic for the first time. The interior of the waiting area was worn, with beige paint peeling off of the walls. As I waited awkwardly to find out where my patient was my attention was drawn to a sign that read, â€Å"Did you know that [a popular fast food sandwich] contains 1020 milligrams of sodium? † Salt can be bad. But it sure tastes good.Ask the millions of Americans who consume large amounts of salt in their diet, much of it from processed foods. Sodium consumption in excess is linked with a number of health problems, including high blood pressure, kidney disease and various forms of heart disease. New Yorkers have recently learned about the detriments of salt. Mayor Bloomberg has launched an initiative to reduce the amount of sodium that people get from restaurant chains and food producers by ask ing them to voluntarily cut the amount of this now ill-thought of mineral.When in New York City a couple of weeks ago, my husband and I could tell that restaurateurs are listening to Bloomberg. When eating out, we noticed that our food was, well, less tasty. But maybe it is worth it. A recent New York Times article, which summarized findings from The New England Journal of Medicine, suggested that if Americans reduced salt intake by a half a teaspoon a day the nation would save 24 billion in health care costs. In the current political climate, many of us are acutely aware of issues related to the rising costs of health care.But is government intervention the best way to proceed? Although a government middleman might be a good option, I wonder why we aren't putting more pressure on physicians to counsel their patients on dietary strategies to reduce sodium intake. Research suggests that American physicians are less likely than their European counterparts to discuss behavioral interve ntions with patients and are more likely to rely on the prescribing of medications. Regarding diet and hypertension, a recent study suggests that physicians offer little counseling on how to lower blood pressure numbers through lifestyle changes.Not only do discussions regarding health behaviors result in patient satisfaction, such discussions comprise the inherent values of doctor-patient relationships. We seek medical care not only for lab results and prescription refills; we look to our doctors for advice and support. However, in a day and age in which technology and insurance mandates are interlopers in the patient-physician dyad, we have lost the personal connections and source of wisdom that people often crave.In fact, the relationship between many of us and our physicians is dysfunctional. Doctors are overwhelmed and receive less respect than ever before in the history of modern medicine. As patients, we have submitted ourselves to the less personal nature of medical encounte rs. Maybe if we demand additional support from physicians (and advocate for additional backing of our doctors regarding the freedom to make medical decisions and limiting intrusion by managed care companies) we can get what we need in order to change our behaviors.Of course, we are all ultimately responsible in how we choose to care for our bodies. But maybe if we can learn to trust our physicians again (and they work to earn that trust), we don't have to reduce healthcare issues and healthcare costs in this country to something like eating salt. Greenburg, T. (2010, Jan 29). www. huffingtonpost. com. Retrieved from http:// www. huffingtonpost. com/tamara-mcclintock-greenberg/should-the-government-reg_b_441493. html (Greenburg, 2010)

System Design and Analysis Presentation Essays

System Design and Analysis Presentation Essays System Design and Analysis Presentation Essay System Design and Analysis Presentation Essay A Project proposal on An Information System solution for [name of the system] By: [List of Names:Id No] Background [Include a mission statement if available. If no formal mission statement exists, create a proposed mission statement based on what you know about the organization. List organization/business goals, values/objectives/critical success factors. If written material is available from your source, use it with attribution. If none is available, say so and list your best guess at what they would be, based on information you have obtained. If company reports, brochures or websites exist with this information, include those documents in the workbook and simply refer to them. Do not waste time rewriting material that is readily available. Describe the organization type (business, government, non-profit), industry (retail, manufacturing, professional services, etc. ), a description of product and/or services, and customers (internal and external). Provide a brief history, including years in operations. Describe size, by whatever measures are appropriate: total revenues, employees, profits, size relative to industry or competitors, etc. (use estimates if necessary, but identify them as such. Include significant history, growth, decline or reorganization. Compare or contrast with the organization’s industry if relevant. Include management expectations for future changes and/or growth, significant competitive threats and significant opportunities, if any. Discuss potential impact of government regulations and/or economic changes. Characterize employees by experience, skills and attitude if possible. If employee turnover or difficulty in hiring skilled employees is an issue, say so. ). If transactions are involved, describe them by volume, seasonality, complexity, uniformity or whatever other characteristics are appropriate. If you find additional information not already listed that helps to understand the organization, include it. This part has to do with the listings of the major business activities of the organization under question. Include an organization chart. It is not necessary to list names unless key individuals need to be identified. The goal should be to understand the organizations structure and key stakeholders. Note that the organization structure is sometimes considered a private internal document. Diagrams plus supporting text. Provide a high level generalized description of the existing system you are to study. Describe the significant subsystems that are within the scope of your study, their inter-relationships, dependencies, and interfaces to each other and to the environment. This diagram will be reviewed to ensure the scope of your study is not too broad. And, the particular problems identified so that the new system that you are thinking of can handle] Chapter Two The Existing System Describe the project briefly, including the scope and the expected outcome. How many people/workstations would access the system? How many might be accessing it concurrently? List the business objectives (the business reasons for doing the project). For each objective, explain the following: Describe the objective. Is this a new or existing objective? If new, does it enhance any existing objectives? Support new ones? Does it replace or contradict any previous objectives? Explain how. Does it add any value, business or other, such as improved service; cost reduction, improved data access? Explain. Why does this project need to be addressed at this time? What other projects, if any, are dependent upon the completion of this one? Chapter Three The Proposed Solution Describe potential solutions, if any were discussed. What business functionality was discussed, but excluded from this project? What client resources will be available for analysis and design? What are the time constraints- include earliest possible start date, required completion date, business cycles that affect testing, training, or implementation? (Optional) List any known technology constraints. Recommended Resources: Suggest one or two people to represent your department in the preliminary planning phase of this project. The preliminary planning team should include a high-level representative (project sponsor) and one or more people who actually use the processes included in this project. Rough Cost Estimate: Estimate the (actual) size of the project, in light of manpower and time. Based on the size of the project, estimate the minimum and maximum cost of the project. Note: Project scheduling tools (as in Microsoft Project or System Architect) could be used if available. Group members will work on requirements determination; phase II of the project, once the proposal is approved by the instructor. Submitted to: The Department of Applied Computer Science City University College December 2010

Contractual and Non Contractual Liability Essay Example

Contractual and Non Contractual Liability Essay Example Contractual and Non Contractual Liability Essay Contractual and Non Contractual Liability Essay I. Contract A contract is an understanding holding a lawful object entered into voluntarily by two or more parties. each of whom intends to make one or more legal duties between them. The elements of a contract are offer and acceptance by competent persons holding legal capacity who exchange consideration to make mutuality of duty. Contracts may be bilateral or one-sided. A bilateral contract is an understanding in which each of the parties to the contract makes a promise or set of promises to each other. For illustration. in a contract for the sale of a place. the purchaser promises to pay the marketer $ 200. 000 in exchange for the seller’s promise to present rubric to the belongings. These common contracts take topographic point in the day-to-day flow of commerce minutess. and in instances with sophisticated or expensive promises may affect extended dialogue and assorted status case in point demands. which are demands that must be met for the contract to be fulfilled. Less common are one-sided contracts in which one party makes a promise. but the other side does non assure anything. In these instances. those accepting the offer are non required to pass on their credence to the offerer. In a wages contract. for illustration. a individual who has lost a Canis familiaris could assure a wages if the Canis familiaris is found. through publication or orally. The payment could be to boot conditioned on the Canis familiaris being returned alive. Those who learn of the wages are non required to seek for the Canis familiaris. but if person finds the Canis familiaris and delivers it. the promiser is required to pay. Elementss At common jurisprudence. the elements of a contract are offer. credence. purpose to make legal dealingss. and consideration. Offer and credence In order for a contract to be formed. the parties must make common acquiescence. This is typically reached through offer and an credence which does non change the offer’s footings. which is known as the mirror image rule . If a purported credence does vary the footings of an offer. it is non an credence but a counteroffer and. hence. at the same time a rejection of the original offer. Purpose to be lawfully bound In commercial understandings it is presumed that parties intend to be lawfully bound unless the parties expressly province the antonym as in a caputs of understanding papers. For illustration. an understanding between two concern parties was non enforced because it contained an honor clause’ which stated the parties wish that the understanding non be reviewed or enforced by a tribunal. In contrast. domestic and societal understandings such as those between kids and parents are typically unenforceable on the footing of public policy. For illustration. a hubby agreed to give his married woman $ 100 a month while he was off from place. but the tribunal refused to implement the understanding when the hubby stopped paying. Consideration is something of value given by a promissor to a promisee in exchange for something of value given by a promisee to a promissor. Typically. the thing of value is a payment. although it may be an act. or patience to move. when one is privileged to make so. such as an grownup forbearing from smoking. This thing of value or patience from some legal right is considered to be a legal hurt. In the exchange of legal hurts. a deal is created. II. Contractual Liability Contractual liability. is precisely as it sounds. A contract is a legal binding understanding between two or more individuals. When you sign. or agree to the footings of a contract. so you have accepted the contractual liabilities set Forth in the papers. Liabilitiess are things that you can be held accountable for. and may hold to refund or replace. in the event that they occur. For illustration. a renter’s understanding may province that. If upon traveling out of the premises stated in the contract. any portion of the premises is destroyed. you may be accountable for and have to pay to mend. or replace the damage . Contractual liability ( or liability because of a contract ) has a really wide meaning- a promise that may be enforced by a tribunal. See the undermentioned simple illustration. I agree to paint your house for $ 1. 000 and roll up $ 500 prior to the occupation. After I accept the $ 500. I obtain a more moneymaking offer and neer demo up to paint your house. You can travel to tribunal and claim the $ 500 you paid me. as I have breached the contract. Your claim is a contractual liability claim. Contractual liability can take many signifiers. but is fundamentally holds you accountable for amendss that are stated in the contract. Another illustration can be a publication contract. If you are found guilty of plagiarism. the publishing house is non accountable for the act. It is your contractual liability. to let go of the publishing house from mistake. and take it yourself. In a nutshell. contractual liability. is anything that you agree to in the footings set Forth in a contract. Before come ining in to any contract. if you do non understand the footings. consult with an lawyer. III. Non-contractual liability The term non-contractual liability can be defined as civil wrong liability. Tort liability is legal duty of one party to a victim as a consequences of a civil wrong or hurt. This action requires some signifier of redress from a tribunal system. A civil wrong liability arises because of a combination of straight go againsting a person’s rights and the evildoing of a public duty doing harm or a private error. Evidence must be evaluated in a tribunal hearing to place who the tortfeasor/liable party is in the instance. Some civil wrongs are besides offenses punishable with imprisonment. the primary purpose of civil wrong jurisprudence is to supply alleviation for the amendss incurred and deter others from perpetrating the same injuries. The injured individual may action for an injunction to forestall the continuance of the tortious behavior or for pecuniary amendss. For illustration. a mill was built in A small town. Then this mill releases so much fume and waste which can harm to human wellness and environment. Therefore. this mill has to take responsible for her releasing. Among the types of amendss the injured party may retrieve are: loss of net incomes capacity. hurting and agony. and sensible medical disbursals. They include both present and future expected losingss. Torts autumn into three general classs: knowing civil wrongs ( e. g. . deliberately hitting a individual ) ; negligent civil wrongs ( e. g. doing an accident by neglecting to obey traffic regulations ) ; and rigorous liability civil wrongs ( e. g. . liability for doing and selling faulty merchandises ) . Intentional civil wrongs are any knowing Acts of the Apostless that are moderately foreseeable to do injury to an person. and that do so. Negligence is a civil wrong which depends on the being of a breakage of the responsibility of attention owed by one individual to another fr om the position of a sensible individual. it is merely carelessness non purpose. Strict liability wrongs do non depend on the grade of caution by the suspect. but are established when a peculiar action causes harm.

Does the film, The battle of essays

Does the film, The battle of essays Casualty figures over 60,000 by the 19th December 1915. The Battle of the Somme continues until General Haig calls a halt to the attack and even then the British have only gained 8 km and lost over 400,000 men. In August 1916, the film, The battle of the Somme was released by the British government to provide a realistic source of information into what the war was really like for the General Public. Over the past decades historians have all disagreed into whether this file released by the Government really was a realistic source of the War. The way that the film portrays the Trench Conditions can be supported by some of the Sources. The sources suggest that the trench conditions were poor and men loathed them. The soldiers slept on a bed of mud and lived with rats. For example: Extracts from a diary written by a soldier when he was fighting explained that they were, Just rat holes, one hell of an accommodation. No trenches at all in places just isolated mounds. A letter from a soldier to his daughter compared the trenches as, Little rat holes. Some sources also imply that the Trenches stank and were unbearable to live in. This is shown in a poem by Sidney Chaplin. His opening paragraph alleged that, You stand in a trench of vile stinking mud, And the bitter cold wind freezes your blood, Then the guns open and the flames light the sky An, as you watch, rats go scuttling by. However other sources agree with the images and points put forward in the film. Some sources suggest that the trenches were comfortable and the men were happy to live there, there was a good level of hygiene and the soldiers were enjoying themselves. For example, a photograph taken by an official British photographer possibly after the war showed men thoroughly enjoying themselves, they all had large smiles on their faces and were all very clean. Overall I feel the evidence suggests that...

Market Analysis and Manufacturing Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Market Analysis and Manufacturing Plan - Essay Example 50% of the respondents were of the view that they consider it most important if they have the ability to track their cargos around the world. Similarly, 50% of the respondents also believe that they must also have the ability to know if their cargo has been taken off course during transit. Further, 15 respondents also showed their willingness to pay as much as $600 if a hardware unit is provided to them which can interface with their cargos to provide them real time location and other information (which has been sought in questionnaire). Further questions were asked as to what other services are required if hardware is provided and what cost. Most of the respondents agreed to avail a bundled package which offers hardware as well as other allied services to avail such facilities. Our analysis, based on the survey responses, suggest that at least 50% of the market is willing to have such a technological backing to help them to track their cargos during the different phases of its transit. Thus there is a great market need for at least the basic facility of providing hardware support to different potential buyers in the market who are willing to use better control over their cargo during its transit in order to minimize the losses. It has also been observed that a base price of $600 will be an acceptable proposition for our product for sale in the market. The price figure has been decided after respondents our survey showed their willingness to pay that much amount for basic services. The base price of $600 is also fair in nature because of the fact that it is just below the average price which industry buyers are willing to pay. Since our firm will be potentially engaged into B2B marketing therefore considering the higher bargaining power of customers, our market analysis suggest that a base price of $50 per month would be a fair quote for monthly subscription. This price is also below the mean therefore we consider it a fair price to charge. It is also important to note that we have accounted for the inherent risk in the survey method of conducting primary research therefore a +/- 5% or 95% confidence level is assumed while analyzing the data from questionnaire. Overall, we believe that there is enough demand for this type of product and considering the various uses of ATM, this market can offer better diversification opportunities also in order to control and minimize the overall external risk. Manufacturing Plan Our market need analysis suggest that there is an strong demand for ATM systems and market is willing to bet $ 600 for each unit to be sold to them therefore based on this healthy and positive assessment, following section will present the manufacturing plan for the product. It is however important to note

Visit to a place of worship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Visit to a place of worship - Essay Example In this way we can ease our minds of anxiety, fear, and care. Although salvation does not depend on going to church, and a Bible is not necessary to get to heaven—a personal interest in Christ is the one thing needful; yet there is no denying that our edification in public worship depends greatly on the kind of prayers that are prayed. for what we require for our physical and spiritual well-being. It is true, as our Lord says, that our heavenly Father knows all our needs before we pray, but he likes to hear us ask him and turn to him with our petitions. The Bible teaches us that â€Å"every good gift and every perfect gift is from above, and cometh down from the Father of lights, with whom is no variableness, neither shadow of turning† (James 1:17). God is the source of every blessing and is unchanging and faithful. Since that is so, then it is clear that we must go to him for what we need, and we may go with confidence for he bids us come, and because we come in the name of his dear Son, Jesus Christ. The church main service started a little bit late than their usual time because there was a baptismal ceremony. For one to qualify to be Baptist in that church, one had to be born again and had to go for a three month course. The pastor said that those who brought their children to be baptised, they brought them as believers. The infants were baptised as the seed of godly parents, and the godparents and parents are exhorted, as believers, to pray that the child may be born again and encouraged to lay hold on the promises made. And as the child of believers, the infant when baptised, is pronounced â€Å"Regenerate†, and thanks are given for it. On that day, I realised that one of the delightful parts of worship is the singing of God’s praises. Praise is different from thanksgiving. We praise God for what he is, holy, almighty, gracious, merciful, wise, all-knowing. These are some of the attributes of God. We praise

Retail store selling hearing aide opening for the first time Essay

Retail store selling hearing aide opening for the first time - Essay Example In order to ensure that customers have an ample interaction with the website, I will ensure that it has easily navigated layouts. The strategy is proposed because websites are easily accessible to people with aiding devices and places no cost on the audience. The medium also allows for easy feedback from the audience and this allows for product renovation and diversification in order to meet customers’ needs. The strategy targets the universal market and extends beyond New York City. Some of the major market segments that the strategy targets are schools for students with impaired hearing that might refer the students to the business. People with hearing impairment, together with their friends and relatives, especially in the digital generation, are another targeted audience because of their ability to respond to the communication and establish our market. The website will contain all the necessary information that customers may need ranging from the type of hearing aids available, types to be added in future, to forms of sale applicable. The website will provide information on how to use products offered by the business as well as feedbacks from customers who have used these products (Andreas, 2011). Another strategy that I will use to promote my business is printing business cards and distributing them to potential customers. This involves presenting information on cards that are then distributed to a target audience. The cards will be simple and well designed to ensure that they appeal to customers. Additionally, information contained in them will be short and precise .In order to ensure that the cards reach many customers, stocking them in several strategic places will be important. Among the strategic places in which I will place them are entrance to the business office, entrance to schools that train people with hearing disability, and strategic social places such as in restaurants and

Events form the history which have been influenced by the tax policy Essay

Events form the history which have been influenced by the tax policy issue - Essay Example The paper tells that in current modern environment, the world is moving towards 5th generation. People always want to live in safe and healthy environment. The safe and healthy environment only possible when the all the internal systems of a country in controlled in effective manner. For this purposes, governments of different countries have made quality tax rules to run the internal systems in efficient manner. The people pay the money in the form of taxes to governments and governments spend this money to rum the system of their country. There are many interesting events in the history that which have been influenced by the tax policy issue. An example of this can be seen in the case of Lady, Godiva. According to the popular legend, Lady Godiva rode naked through the streets of Coventry to protest against her husband oppressive tax system. She also appealed against her husband. Another recent example can be seen in the case of Tea party movement in the United States. The Tea Party movement is a political movement in America that is generally recognized as conventional and libertarian party. This Political movement is also supported by the political candidates. The main goals of this movement are to encourage the government to reduce capital spending and level of heavy taxes. Tea party movement also enforces the government to reduce the tax rate. The voters of Tea party movement think that excessive high taxes are a burden on the citizens of US. Tea party movement refers that the high taxes are the way of legalized robbery. There are two more events form the history is discussed in this essay. The first event is the American evolution and the second event is American civil war. These both events have been influenced by the tax policy issue. These events have been discussed in detail. The first part of the event contains description of the event. At the second part, The Relevance of the event to tax policy has been discussed. Last part contains the personal eva luation that I assessed from these events. American Revolution Description of the American Revolution American Revolution is one of the major events in history that make material influences on the tax policies. Generally, American Revolution was referred to a fight between Britain and America. According to history, the main reason of the American Resolution is the system of taxes that Britain imposed on American colonies. Britain imposed the taxation on approval of the parliament. They did not represent these taxes in the parliament. On the other hand, colonials did not want to pay taxes on their routine import and exports. Some of the biggest merchants also denied paying taxes on their trading. In 1607, these colonies were isolated form its mother country due to the French and Indian war1. The kind sates that, the colonies have ability to take care of their own matters. He argued that the colonials have the rights to settle their own external and internal disputes. In this mean tim e British are busy in foreign wars and they did not understand the complexity of this matter. At the end of these wars the British imposed taxes on colonies to restore them in previous state. Colonials denied following the new tax system because they thought that it is the violation of their natural rights. They do not have any liability to pay these taxes. They also state argued that these taxes are to pay off the cost of the wars between England and France. There are also other reasons of American Revolution but taxes are those were imposed to pay off the cost of wars acted as the oil on the flame. The people of the colonies did not want to pay taxes without a proper representation. American colonies always wanted to live as an independent nation. For this purpose, they had set

Sociology Human Services Review 1200words or less - Materials Provided Essay

Sociology Human Services Review 1200words or less - Materials Provided - Essay Example In the business of caring, the first phase – caring about - involves the recognition that there is a need to render care for somebody. Someone who is suffering from AIDS, for example, may be too debilitated in the latter stage of the disease to be able to do things on his own. At this stage, that person will need another to do things that he would have normally done personally like shopping for his basic needs, prepare his food, and do his laundry. The first stage of caring involves the recognition and understanding that the AIDS victim is helpless and needs caring – a stage called caring about that person. The next stage called taking care of involves deciding and assuming the responsibility of taking care of a particular person in need of caring. In the illustration of the AIDS victim, the second stage would involve deciding to take on the responsibility of taking care of the needs of the victim like doing his grocery and shopping, preparing his food and helping him g et on with the his daily basic chores. The third stage or care-giving involves the actual care being given to the person identified as needing care. Thus, the person or group who has decided to assume the responsibility of helping the AIDS victim at this stage now actually and physically renders the necessary help. And the final stage which is care-receiving, involves the recognition and the acceptance of the object of the care of the care being rendered to him (Tronto 1993 pp196-107). Normally, the different caring phases come one after the other and interconnect smoothly. However, there may be instances and cases when these phases conflict with each other. In the care of the aged for example, there are issues which complicate care for the aged although it is understood and accepted that these sector of society really need care. Some of these issues include the participation of the labor force and the maintenance of

Events form the history which have been influenced by the tax policy Essay

Events form the history which have been influenced by the tax policy issue - Essay Example The paper tells that in current modern environment, the world is moving towards 5th generation. People always want to live in safe and healthy environment. The safe and healthy environment only possible when the all the internal systems of a country in controlled in effective manner. For this purposes, governments of different countries have made quality tax rules to run the internal systems in efficient manner. The people pay the money in the form of taxes to governments and governments spend this money to rum the system of their country. There are many interesting events in the history that which have been influenced by the tax policy issue. An example of this can be seen in the case of Lady, Godiva. According to the popular legend, Lady Godiva rode naked through the streets of Coventry to protest against her husband oppressive tax system. She also appealed against her husband. Another recent example can be seen in the case of Tea party movement in the United States. The Tea Party movement is a political movement in America that is generally recognized as conventional and libertarian party. This Political movement is also supported by the political candidates. The main goals of this movement are to encourage the government to reduce capital spending and level of heavy taxes. Tea party movement also enforces the government to reduce the tax rate. The voters of Tea party movement think that excessive high taxes are a burden on the citizens of US. Tea party movement refers that the high taxes are the way of legalized robbery. There are two more events form the history is discussed in this essay. The first event is the American evolution and the second event is American civil war. These both events have been influenced by the tax policy issue. These events have been discussed in detail. The first part of the event contains description of the event. At the second part, The Relevance of the event to tax policy has been discussed. Last part contains the personal eva luation that I assessed from these events. American Revolution Description of the American Revolution American Revolution is one of the major events in history that make material influences on the tax policies. Generally, American Revolution was referred to a fight between Britain and America. According to history, the main reason of the American Resolution is the system of taxes that Britain imposed on American colonies. Britain imposed the taxation on approval of the parliament. They did not represent these taxes in the parliament. On the other hand, colonials did not want to pay taxes on their routine import and exports. Some of the biggest merchants also denied paying taxes on their trading. In 1607, these colonies were isolated form its mother country due to the French and Indian war1. The kind sates that, the colonies have ability to take care of their own matters. He argued that the colonials have the rights to settle their own external and internal disputes. In this mean tim e British are busy in foreign wars and they did not understand the complexity of this matter. At the end of these wars the British imposed taxes on colonies to restore them in previous state. Colonials denied following the new tax system because they thought that it is the violation of their natural rights. They do not have any liability to pay these taxes. They also state argued that these taxes are to pay off the cost of the wars between England and France. There are also other reasons of American Revolution but taxes are those were imposed to pay off the cost of wars acted as the oil on the flame. The people of the colonies did not want to pay taxes without a proper representation. American colonies always wanted to live as an independent nation. For this purpose, they had set

Business asignment 2 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Business asignment 2 - Research Paper Example 4. b. They are selling a well-designed machine. 5. a. Argentina, Brazil, Mexico-these are the countries we hope to concentrate on. 6. b. Only two sites-maybe three-offer the things we need. 7. c. How many owner-operators are in the industry? 8. b. You ever faithful assistance deserves-without a doubt-a substantive raise. 9. b. The charts are well placed on each page-unlike the running heads and footers. 10. a. Your devil-may-care attitude affects everyone in the decision-making process. Chapter 5 1. On p. 148, under â€Å"Apply Your Knowledge,† do question 1, 2 and 5. With number 5, note that at the end you are asked to explain your answer. As you do so, tell how you can make such content clearer by applying the concepts in our chapter. 1. Manufacturers do not have the responsibility of ensuring that customers read the warnings on food products. However, it is their responsibility to use simple and understandable language in the warnings. 2. When communicating business message s, I would use a direct method of communicating that is precise to ensure an authentic voice and still project my company’s image. 5. Whether the logical sequence of my message is obvious, I have to use transitions. This is because it maintains the status of my position and ensures that I am understood perfectly. 2. On p. 148-151, under â€Å"Exercises,† do 1-3, 12-13 and 19b. ... we have portrayed a lot of patience j. we fail to understand 2. a. when an email order cannot be processed, the order form can be used instead b. it is important to bring my credit card to the store c. a 25 percent discount will be offered on all 15-inch LCD screens sales by the store d. the applicant interested in the position of a bookkeeper is bright enough and capable of handling a good job e. the request for $25 has been honored f. it wouldn’t have been necessary to learn how to use the machine properly if I had cared doing a good job g. the opportunity to run the company now was as a result of the strategy presentation this morning, which had brilliant ideas that could not fail. h. everybody’s pay has been delayed due to the massive upgrade of the accounts payable system i. the sickness and lack of energy to work through the numbers by the evaluator has delayed the report j. my computer could have given me the news from online sources that MyTravel and Thorn Cook were in a merger talk 3. a 10 day remit on payment using credit card avoids spoiling its rating b. refunds are offered on returned merchandise that is not soiled c. we will ship your order after 10 days in which we will have replenished Baby Cry dolls d. for the blouse you ordered, specify the color e. during winter, waterbeds freeze in all unheated houses. Therefore, you will pay $9.50 to cover for the valve replacement and postage. 9. a. during this spring, b. a good amount of savings c. a good number was in attendance d. more efficient e. increased size of the working area f. restructure the website to flatten it 3. On p. 151, do 1-10 on the "Improve Your Grammar, Mechanics and Usage" exercise (just write out which choice is the correct one). 1. their

Tituba, Reluctant Witch of Salem Essay Example for Free

Tituba, Reluctant Witch of Salem Essay This book summarizes the life of a female Indian servant and her involvement in the 1692 witch trials in Salem, Massachusetts. To begin it gives background information of the Arawak Indian woman named Tituba, which reveals cultural influences. It tells how Tituba was captured and sold into slavery and shifted from one cultural world to another, from South America to Barbados then to Massachusetts, where she was forced to separate from friends and her culture to acclimate and thrive in another; as a servant she had no say in the matter. Her obligations as a servant were to fulfill domestic responsibilities within the household. In 1689 she found herself living in Salem, Massachusetts in the home of Samuel Parris, his wife Elizabeth, their 3 children Thomas (7), Elizabeth (6) who was later referred to as Betty, and Susannah (1), a young African servant, as well as a male Indian servant named John who would soon become her husband. In 1691, Parris’s niece Abigail Williams may have been living with them. According to Parris’s will, Tituba and John had a daughter named Violet who would have been about two or three years old during the witch trials in 1692. After the Parris’s move to Salem around 1688, Samuel began preaching in the village and would eventually become the town’s minister by 1689. By the winter of 1691, a group of young girls from the village, Elizabeth Hubbard (17), and Ann Putnam (12), joined by Parris’s daughter Betty (9), and his niece Abigail (11), would begin playing fortune-telling games drawn from centuries old cultural traditions. Subsequently, Betty would start experiencing strange physical symptoms of pain that confounded spectators and led them to believe that someone had bewitched her. A neighbor to the Parris’s, as well as a covenant member of the church Mary Sibley, would approach Tituba and her husband John with a notion of revealing who was bewitching the girl by preparing a witchcake consisting of rye meal and the girls urine which was then baked into ashes and then fed to a dog. According to folklore, the dog would then reveal the name of those responsible for bewitching the girl. In February of 1692, after two months of observing the girl in retched pain, Tituba agreed to assist in preparing the witchcake. The result was much unexpected as it was revealed that preparation of the witchcake had taken place. The other girls, already frightened by the previous symptoms displayed by Betty and their involvement in the occult games, would become even more frightened with the knowledge of the counter-magic. They too would start to experience such symptoms that would become even more violent than those presented before to include hallucinations; the witchcake did not relieve but instead intensified their hysteria as well as the town’s fears and fantasies of evil among them. The girls would soon confirm the town’s suspicions of evil implications by identifying two women, Sarah Goode (38), and Sarah Osborne (49), who they believed were witches tormenting them, those women also accused Tituba (between 25-30 years old). Warrants of arrest were prepared for the three women on February 29 and Tituba’s testimonies would proceed from March 1-5, resulting in the commencement of the greatest-known witch hunt of all time. Throughout Tituba’s testimonies she fed her audience with tales of witchery and devilish manifestations that would fuel their suspicions and lead to many more accusations, arrests, and executions. It is thought that because her testimonies were derived of many different cultural traditions that were carefully pieced together in a way that Tituba believed would sound convincing enough to the magistrates for them to believe she was under the devils force to harm the children. Tituba, the afflicted girls, as well as those accused would make accusations of others they said were involved in witchcraft and were in a covenant with the devil. She spoke of secret meetings and a book in which she was forced by the Devil to sign, threatened with a terrible demise had she not signed. The afflicted girls and others accused fed off her testimonies and followed her cues in hopes that such a confession may spare their lives. Over the course of seven months one-hundred and fifty people would be arrested and twenty-four would die due to accusations of witchcraft, traumatizing the lives of hundreds in the New England society. For fear of damnation, Tituba along with many others recanted their confessions, acknowledging that they had falsely accused others and fictitiously created the witch stories to safeguard their lives. By September 1693, the use of spectral evidence ceased and the Governor dismissed further executions other than those already scheduled, and ordered the release of those who could post bail to get out of jail. In April of 1693, an unidentified person bailed Tituba out of the jail and she disappeared from all records. It is presumed that her husband John was sold to this same person and they moved away leaving their daughter Violet in the Parris household. The author of this book attempted to piece together the life events of Tituba and void out the contradictions in order to create a better understanding of her role in the Salem witch-hunt tragedy. She explained in depth her thesis on why she believes Tituba was a Native American instead of an African as former theories would note, and how her connection with different cultures would help shape her testimonies. The main point in this book was to describe in detail Tituba’s role in the Salem witch trials of 1692, and how her testimonies fueled the Puritan’s fears and fantasies of diabolical presents among their village while attempting to protect her from execution. I believe the author effectively captured Tituba’s role in the former events while providing the many sources she used to come to her conclusions. In piecing the entire picture together it was helpful that the author included the timetable of accusations and confessions, the transcripts of Tituba’s confessions, as well as an index to easily reference back to. The book’s strengths are in the explicit details from beginning to end which really paint a clear picture of how such events came about which are beneficial to someone who is researching this event; However, I would also consider this to be a weakness to an average reader as it appeared somewhat hard to follow the main point when getting bogged down with details. I would definitely recommend this book to someone who was interested and/or researching Tituba’s character or the Salem events, as the author came to these conclusions after much research and referencing of historical documents and the assistance of many people and institutions which she acknowledges in the beginning of the book, making her theories more credible. It was an interesting read after hearing bits and pieces of the story over time as well as watching movies that depicted a much more dramatized version of the events. The book made the events much more understandable and realistic. The book wasn’t quite as exciting as I expected but then I was comparing it to the movies, but it was still somewhat interesting and insightful.

Doctrine of Ultra Vires Effect on Malaysian Company Law

Doctrine of Ultra Vires Effect on Malaysian Company Law Discuss the doctrine of ultra vires and its effect in Malaysian Company Law. According to s18 Contract Act 1965, every company formed should have a memorandum printed and divided into paragraph and with the date stated. In s18 (b) Contract Act 1965, it shows that the requirement of the Memorandum of Association (M/A) required a statement of object clause. The object clause can be used to describe the nature of the business such as manufacturing business, merchandising business or service business. Besides, it also show the company power, its purpose and the legal capacity of the company.[1] Furthermore, the purpose of the object of M/A should be lawful as stated in s14 (1) Company Act 1965. The consequence of unlawful purpose and incompatible to peace, welfare, security, public order, good order or morality in Malaysia will be Registrar of Company will refuse for the registration of the company as followed to s16(8)(a) Company Act 1965. As it has been stated that object of M/A function as recognize the legal capacity of the company, in the same time, it has limited the company which it require the company to act based on the statement. If the operation of the company is different with the object of M/A, ultra vires will be recognized. Ultra means â€Å"beyond† whereas vires means â€Å"power† where ultra vires happened when an act is against the object clause. Although the company want to ratify the act, the act is void at initio. This can be further explained by the common law and statue. However, if the company wants to prevent ultra vires, the company must alter the object clause. There are certain requirement as stated s28 Company Act 1965. In s28 (1) Company Act 1965, it stated that alteration can be made based on a special resolution. Besides, by holding this special resolution, members and debentures holder of the company should be given 21days of notification to the special resolution as according to s28 (2) Company Act 1965. Common Law The doctrine of ultra vires under common law refers to the rules that company must act within their objects clause that is stated in the memorandum of association. Any activity that is outside from the company capacity is void. Neither the company nor the third party could enforce this. In other words, ultra vires act is void and the contract cannot be ratified even if the company wishes to. Under common law, the company’s contract is void due to internal or external context. Externally, when a third party contracting with a company, if the contract was not fulfill the objects of company that stated in memorandum of association, then the contract was ultra vires and void. Internally, if the company and the director enter into an ultra vires contract, the company may immediately stop the act of the director and claim damages from the director who breach his fiduciary duties by entering into the contract which is outside from the company’s capacity. If the company could n ot fulfill the main object in their memorandum, then they would have to be wound up. According to Ashbury Railway Carriage Iron Company v Riche (1875) LR 7HL 653, the case stated that the company’s objects in their memorandum was to make, sell and hire railway carriages. The company entered into contract with Riche and the contract was approved by the shareholders at general meeting, then the company agreed to give Riche and his brother a loan to build a railway in Belgium. After that, the company changed their mind and refused the agreement. Riche sued the company. The court held that the construction of a railway was ultra vires, because construct a railway was not stated in their company’s memorandum of association. Thus, the contract is void because the construction of a railway is outside from the company capacity. Furthermore, since it is outside from the company capacity, so the company could not ratify the contract. Therefore, ultra vires exist and the contract is void even if all of the shareholders approved the contract. From Ashbury Railway Carriage case, we can see that the company could not sue or be sued by the third party for not performing the contract. This is because the contract is null and void. Thus, the company could avoid for not performing the contract and could not be sued by the third party because it is outside form the company’s capacity. Although it seems unfair for the other party but the object clause of a company is available at public for inspection. The other party should have checked whether the company has the capacity to enter into contract with them or not. Need to say if company itself can sue the director and SH? Shareholders pay less concerned on the corporation on how the director corporate as long as the business generates dividend to them. However this will put the creditor in high risk. This is because if the creditors credit sales the goods and services to the particular company, and the company has insolvent in later dates, the creditor could not claim any debts. Common law stated that an ultra vires act is null and void to protect the member or the creditors of the company who has invested the money into the company and expect the investment is only used for the company’s business. According to Cotman v Brougham (1918) A.C. 514, the objects clause of company contained 30 sub clauses, however, the first sub clause stated the company to develop rubber plantations. In the fourth clause, it empowered the company to deal in any shares of any company. Besides, the memorandum also stated that each sub clauses acts as the independent objects for the company. The company underwrote and had allotted to it shares in an oil company. After that, the oil company wound up and their company was on the list of contributories. The question arose is that whether this is intra vires the company’s objects. The court held that the 30 independent object clause in the rubber company’s memorandum was an independent. Hence, the power to deal with the share in an oil company was within the legal power. Therefore, the company is liable for the underwriting. From the Cotman case, the company did not clearly specify the main object where constitution of Memorandum are not limited by using plain business language. Companies could no longer avoid a contract based on the grounds that it was beyond the company objects which they have been done in the traditional ultra vires doctrine. This has increased a wider range of object clauses in the Memorandum as a result of each sub clause is independent which are not interrelated with the main clause. Hence, the object are not restricted to review on the main clause. This has rendered the companies to introduce a standard type of object clause to render almost all potential commercial objectives intra vires. Position under Companies Act 1965 According to s20 (1) of Companies Act 1965, any act or transfer of property that made by the company shall not be invalid with the reason that company dont have the power or capacity to do act. The effect for this section is transaction will become irrelevant with the fact that the company did not have the capacity to enter into it, even though a certain transaction is otherwise valid. Besides, the company can sued or be sued as acts against its object clause. In order to protect the interest of the shareholders and creditors, s20 (2) Companies Act 1965 has provided the remedies to restrain the ultra vires act. According to s20 (2) (a) Companies Act 1965, company is liable if a member of the company or the company itself has issued the debentures are available with a floating charge. The shareholders and debenture holders can sue the company for the taking any action outside the company and they can claimed the compensation from it. Besides, it also stated that the relief of s20 Companies Act 1965, the ultra vires only apply to specific person and not an outsider as refer to Pamaron Holdings Sdn Bhd v Ganda Holdings Bhd [1988] 3 MLJ 346. According to Pamaron Holdings Sdn Bhd v Ganda Holdings Bhd case, the Plaintiff and the Defendant entered into an agreement for sale and purchase of shares in a private limited company. The Defendant defaulted in the payment of the purchase price and the plaintiff applied for summary judgment against it. In opposing the application, the defendant proclaim that among the transaction was ultra vires the plaintiff company. Allowing the application, the court held that under s.20 a person other than a debenture holder or the minister may not raise ultra vires. The defendant being an outsider and not a debenture holder or the minister had no right under the section. The Defendant was liable for not being able to settle the payment of the purchase price. The Defendant also didnt purcha se any shares or debentures from the Plaintiff Company, thus it cannot raise ultra vires. Defendant should purchase the shares or debenture from the plaintiff in order for the defendant have the right to raise ultra vires. From this case, only the person that are sufficient proximate to the company can apply ultra vires. Ultra vires is an action This act will only available to the contract that has been entered, yet to be completed as refer to the Hawkesbury Development Co Ltd v Landmark Finance Pty Ltd ( 1969 ) 2 NSWR 786. According to Hawkesbury Development Co. Ltd v Ladmark Finance Pty Ltd case, Plaintiff holds all of the shares in the Landmark Finance Pty Ltd. Landmark Finance has issued two debentures to United Dominion Corp (UDC). A request has been sent to court by Plaintiff about declaring both debentures to be invalid due that it is a company object ultra vires. Plaintiff also request that the court to prohibit the enforcement of UDC of the debentures. However, application that request by the plaintiff is rejected and the approval of court to void the declaration of the UDC had failed to be obtained. Due that the plaintiffs are the shareholders of the Landmark Finance, the application should make to Landmark Finance instead of UDC is a third party. If the company is make the act of ultra vires by issuing the debentures to the outsiders, the shareholders or debenture holders have the right to sue the company. However, s20 (2) (a) Companies Act 1965 does not given its protection to debentures holders that secured by float charge and creditors who did not have any charge. According to s20 (2) (b) Companies Act 1965, officers are personally liable for any action taken by member of the company or the company itself. The shareholders or the company itself can sue the officers either former or current that who committed any Ultra Vires transactions which must be completed and realized. However, if any law suit against the officer will not affect the validity as stated in s20 (1) CA 1965, the act will be valid to the ground. According to s20 (2) (c) Companies Act 1965, any petition that may conducted by the Minister to the court to wind up the company that had committed ultra vires actions. The court will conducted its discretion when the company has changed the business totally from its original business. According to s20 (3) Companies Act, if any party has suffered any damage or loss due to the unauthorized act or transfer is yet to be performed and to be restrained under s20 (2) Companies Act 1965, the parties who have sustained the damage can be compensated. By comparing the common law and Companies Act 1965, under the doctrine of ultra vires, it is prefer to go for common law. This is because, under common law, the act of ultra vires is null and void, so the company could avoid for not performing the contract which is outside from their capacity. Besides, the company could not sue or be sued by others party just because they did not perform the contract. However, under the Companies Act 1965, it provides completed transactions remain valid as between the company and the third party and both of the party may sue each other. Let’s compare the case of Ashbury Railway Carriage Iron Company v Riche under common law and the case of Hawkesbury Development Co Ltd v Landmark Finance Pty Ltd under Companies Act 1965, we can see that under Ashbury case, the ultra vires are meant to protect the company by voiding the contract because it is outside the company’s capacity. The other party could not sue the company although they had ent ered into the contract because ultra vires exist. Whereas, under the Hawkesbury case, the plaintiff failed to declare the debentures to the third party although it is a company object ultra vires because the plantiff are the shareholders of the Landmark Finance and it should make declaration to Landmark Finance instead of the third party. Conclusion For under the common law, the contract entered by the director of the company or the company itself is ultra vires, the contract is considered void due that it is beyond the companys capacity to perform it. If the contract made by the company with the third party is not fulfill the objects of the company that stated in memorandum of association also considered as ultra vires thus become void. When the contract has become void, the company could not sue or be sued by the third party for not performing the contract. For under the Companies Act 1965, any act that made by the company cannot be declared as invalid by using incapable to perform the act as an excuse. The transactions still remain valid between both the company and the third party that they may able to sue or be sued by each other. Thus, both companies and the third party should consider the capabilities of the company to perform the any act from the contract in order to avoid any ultra vires that may happen and cause the loss to the creditors, shareholders, debenture holders or any related parties. [1] Pg 205 principle of business law and corporation

The Impact of Dr. Kings Vision on My Life :: Personal Narrative Writing

The Impact of Dr. King's Vision on My Life In the summer of 1966, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. went to Chicago, Illinois, to further press his campaign of equal rights for all Americans. Dr. King led a march through Chicago and some of its neighboring suburbs to promote that ideal. To many, this march is best known for the negative treatment of the peaceful demonstrators in the more racially prejudiced suburbs of Chicago: Berwyn and Cicero. When the demonstrators reached those two suburbs, rocks and bottles were hurled at them by onlookers who did not agree with the peaceful beliefs of Dr. King and others participating in the march. However, Dr. King was prepared for this kind of reaction and made sure men stood at the front and back lines of the group; he also had men placed on the outside of each line as protection for the women and children marching. These men became known as Dr. King's lieutenants. My father was seventeen at the time of this march, and Dr. King used him as one of his lieutenants. Moreover, Dr. King met sepa rately with his lieutenants in groups of five to ten at a time; therefore, my father had the privilege of having a private meeting with one of the great leaders in history. He described his encounter with Dr. King as one of the best experiences in his entire life, and the only other person whose impact would have been as great is Jesus. My father feels that way because like Jesus, Dr. King was willing to die for his people. The meeting between Dr. King and my father has had a major impact on my life because Dr. King showed my father and several others peaceful means of obtaining their goals, and these teachings have reciprocated to me. Three key ideals that Dr. King exemplified in his meeting with my father were to show respect for women, to use peace and not violence, and to not give up in the face of adversity. The sheer fact that my father served as one of Dr. King's lieutenants proves that Dr. King stressed the importance of respect for women. He did not want women or children to be subjected to the dangers of hurling objects while they were marching. He felt that the men should stand on the outside to protect the women and children who marched. The Impact of Dr. King's Vision on My Life :: Personal Narrative Writing The Impact of Dr. King's Vision on My Life In the summer of 1966, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. went to Chicago, Illinois, to further press his campaign of equal rights for all Americans. Dr. King led a march through Chicago and some of its neighboring suburbs to promote that ideal. To many, this march is best known for the negative treatment of the peaceful demonstrators in the more racially prejudiced suburbs of Chicago: Berwyn and Cicero. When the demonstrators reached those two suburbs, rocks and bottles were hurled at them by onlookers who did not agree with the peaceful beliefs of Dr. King and others participating in the march. However, Dr. King was prepared for this kind of reaction and made sure men stood at the front and back lines of the group; he also had men placed on the outside of each line as protection for the women and children marching. These men became known as Dr. King's lieutenants. My father was seventeen at the time of this march, and Dr. King used him as one of his lieutenants. Moreover, Dr. King met sepa rately with his lieutenants in groups of five to ten at a time; therefore, my father had the privilege of having a private meeting with one of the great leaders in history. He described his encounter with Dr. King as one of the best experiences in his entire life, and the only other person whose impact would have been as great is Jesus. My father feels that way because like Jesus, Dr. King was willing to die for his people. The meeting between Dr. King and my father has had a major impact on my life because Dr. King showed my father and several others peaceful means of obtaining their goals, and these teachings have reciprocated to me. Three key ideals that Dr. King exemplified in his meeting with my father were to show respect for women, to use peace and not violence, and to not give up in the face of adversity. The sheer fact that my father served as one of Dr. King's lieutenants proves that Dr. King stressed the importance of respect for women. He did not want women or children to be subjected to the dangers of hurling objects while they were marching. He felt that the men should stand on the outside to protect the women and children who marched.

Movie review Saw III Essay -- essays research papers

One of the best horror series recent is the Saw Franchise. 'Saw III' is 2006's superlative horror film and the best in the Saw trilogy. Everyone in 'Saw III' deserves an eminent collaborative achievement award, the actors Tobin Bell, Shawnee Smith, Bahar Soomekh, and Angus Macfadyen. The director, Darren Lynn Bousman, and producers Mark Burg and Oren Koules, made the Saw franchise magnificent. Darren Lynn Bousman is the first horror director to ever have his first two major Hollywood films open up at number one, which was Saw II and Saw III. He is one of the most successful horror directors of all time. He is coming back to direct Saw IV. All the actors did an astonishing job. Tobin Bell has a loathsome attitude that is right for this character Jigsaw, a creepy serial killer who plays with his victims lives. Shawnee Smith?s performance was unpredictable, it kept you on the edge of your seat. A role women rarely have the opportunity to play. She plays an insecure, emotional woman with a self-destructive personality. Angus MacFadyen is a phenomenal underrated actor who has yet had...

Theories and goals of education don’t matter a whit if you don’t consider your students to be human beings

The book entitled, A Loss for Words, by Lou Ann Walker, tells the wonderful tale of how a child deals with the disabilities of her parents (Walker 1987).The protagonist of the tale, Lou Ann Walker, narrates her experiences of how she acted as the ears and was the voice for her deaf parents.   While the family setting was warm, loving and typical of most happy families, the challenges that Lou Ann Walker and her parents had to face outside the house constantly challenged their character (Walker 1987).The story revolves around the experiences of Lou Ann Walker who was born in the American Midwest in 1952 and recounts the experiences she has as one of the three daughters who were capable of hearing of Gale and Doris Jean Walker who were both deafened as infants due to illnesses.The inspiring tale of how she served as the â€Å"medium† for interactions for her parents with the outside world.   â€Å"I’d seen plenty of families where there was more communication and les s love, (Walker 1987)† as the author declares when she recalls how warm it was in their home despite the hearing disabilities of her parents.The book is not above the frustrations that people have to deal with when they are outcast and misunderstood and Lou Ann Walker is able to show this through the lighthearted narration of just how crude and condescending the reactions of people were to the plight of her parents.The manner of education that her parents got, while seemingly different for those who are unaware of the circumstances of the hearing impaired, showed just how difficult yet heartwarming it was.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The beauty is in the narration of the tale as it seeks to embed itself in the hearts of its readers and finds a way to bring the comfort and warmth of the author’s own family to the reader.References:Walker, Lou Ann (1987) Loss for Words: The Story of Deafness in a Family Harper Perennial ISBN: 0060914254   

Business Across Borders Essay

In the business world today, borders are blending and multi-national mergers are causing many company nationalities to become indistinct. As the globalization of markets rapidly increases, many companies are finding international expansion a necessity of competition. North America is greatly affected by this movement towards a global market, and many companies are finding it extremely important to adapt to other cultures. Favorable trade agreements and explosive growth of the middle class in countries once considered underdeveloped have both been important factors in the rush towards globalization. However, the most important factor in increased globalization has been technological advancements, including new transportation and information technologies. Presentation of information is more frequently processed by members of a virtual team – a work group not necessarily in the same geographical location. With the proliferation of e-mail, videoconferencing, fax machine, and the telephone, virtual teaming is becoming increasingly efficient. The most considerable obstructions to successful international marketing involve misinterpretations and contrary views resulting from cultural differences. Being both aware of some of these issues and prepared to make the necessary accommodations can save companies time, effort, and a considerable amount of money. Exploring Context Context is described as the most important dimension of culture and yet is the most difficult to define. Context refers to the stimuli, environment, or ambiance surrounding an event. Communication styles and business practices as a whole are often identified with the context of a country. North American, Scandinavian, and German communicators are generally considered to be low-context cultures. They expect a high level of detail in their visua,l verbal and written communication. Low-context cultures tend to  be analytical, logical and find words and contracts very important. Individualism, freedom and personal achievement are highly valued by these cultures. High-context cultures, such as Japan, China, Arabia, tend to assume the receiver does not need much background. Information and words are not as important as what is surrounding the situation. They are more aware of a communicator’s status, interpersonal relationships, the setting, and ambiance when conducting business relations. In general, tradition and social customs are more important in high-context cultures. These cultures emphasize membership in organizations and groups. Because they avoid confrontation, they frown upon individual decision making and prefer consensus. Relationships In many countries personal relationships are the key to success. It is important to not expect to get down to business right away, but rather get to know a person first. In Mexico, for example, business deals are only made with friends, so one must develop a friendship with any business partner. It is considered polite to ask personal questions about family, and also to answer any questions about your family. Discussions are warm and friendly. In Japan it is unlikely to get very far without connections. Carefully chosen intermediaries are a necessity. Not only will the Japanese feel obliged to be loyal to them, but rank of one’s associates will determine their status as well. A Japanese businessman will always consult within his group before making a decision. Because of their intense loyalty, one’s identity is subsumed into the group. It is important to never single out a Japanese counterpart, even for praise or encouragement. Contrarily, the Spaniards have a hierarchy style of management and it is best to deal with â€Å"el jefe† or â€Å"el pardon†-the one who will be making the decision. Spaniards also will expect whomever they are dealing with to have decisions-making authority. Saving Face When dealing with Spain or most Asian cultures, it is also critical to understand the concept of â€Å"saving face†. Any loss of control of emotions or embarrassment is considered disastrous in business negotiations in these cultures. Honor and personal pride mean everything and they must not be insulted. Because of this attitude it is very important to carefully prepare presentations so that they are easy for the audience to understand. Paying close attention to determine if anything is misunderstood during the presentation is also a must. Because of this concept of â€Å"saving face† the presenter will not know if they are having difficulties. Close attention must be paid to conversations in order to discern the sincerity of what is being said. In Japan, a deal is never refused directly, and any dealings with Japanese business culture should remain indirect. Business Cards In nearly all countries, it is important that business cards be printed one side in English, and the other in their language. When presenting the card, it should be presented with their language facing the recipient. In Japan, the exchange of business cards is not to be taken lightly. When you receive the card of a Japanese businessman, be sure to make a show of examining it carefully and then making a remark about the card. Ask any questions about anything on the card which is difficult to pronounce or understand. The card should then be placed in a case or on a near by table. A card shouldn’t be shoved into a pocket or be written on. Concepts of Time Time orientation is an important cultural difference that Americans must pay close attention to. In America, time is viewed as a precious commodity. Time is related with productivity, efficiency, and money. Many other countries have a much more relaxed perception of time. They take their time, and enjoy it. In Mexico you can ask if a scheduled appointment is â€Å"en punto† (the precise time), or â€Å"mas o menos†. â€Å"Mas o menos† appointments are often scheduled a half an hour to an hour before the actual time. With both  Mexican and Japanese cultures it is also important not to expect instant results. Plenty of time should be allowed for contemplation and decision making. In Mexico it is important to adjust any expectations regarding deadlines and efficiency. Conclusion Doing business over borders and through time zones has become commonplace in the twenty-first century. Technological advancements in communication and travel make it possible to do business across the globe almost instantaneously. Doing business with multiple cultures can be a challenging venture. International communication skills of an organization can determine success or failure. In order to interact with different cultures, it is necessary to understand the basic characteristics of the culture. This type of understanding helps to make adjustments and accommodations. We must rid our minds of pre-conceived notions, stereotypes, and prejudices. It is imperative that one be knowledgeable about such topics as: context, traditions, social rules, etc. It is equally important to possess competent listening skills and to be aware of one’s own nonverbal messages. The ability to adapt to an intercultural perspective is probably one of the most crucial aspects of doing business in today’s â€Å"global village†. Bibliography Sellin, Robert H. J and Elaine Winters. Cultural Issues in Business Communication. Berkeley: Program Facilitating and Consulting, 2000. Guffey, Mary Ellen. Business Communication: Process and Product, 4th ed. Mason, Ohio: South-Western, 2003 â€Å"Etiquette and Local Customs†. The Traveler’s Yellow Pages Online. http://www.infoservices.com/stpete/342.htm. InfoServices International, Inc., 2002 â€Å"What to Know Before Negotiting† Execitive Planet.com. http://www.executiveplanet.com/business-culture.html.

Amphibians Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Amphibians - Assignment Example This paper shall attempt to assess how amphibians developed breathable skin.   Before they had breathable skin  the amphibians were four legged fish that swallowed air into their lungs. About three hundred million years back, there was a dawn tadpole that resembled more of a crocodile (Robinson, 2009). It is in the latter years that the Eryops developed stronger legs and jaws. These amphibians have a great correlation with the present day ones. The amphibians were to later look like reptiles that were more of snakes. The development saw a three foot long reptile with a developed skull. Their skin later became thicker and scalier (Robinson, 2009). In the process of adaptation, the amphibians slowly developed a waterproof skin referred to as amnion that would help them breathe (Robinson, 2009). Though this skin, they would also get protection from sunstroke, as well as allow their offspring achieve to the full development prior to hatching. Robinson (2009) also argues that the amphibians required a step forward in procreation that would allow them come up with species that would allow high chances of survival. This adaptation minimized the chances of extinction as the skin allowed for the transportation of oxygen that allowed for respiration. With the skin of the first amphibians being too scaly as opposed to moist, it is apparent that there was a requisite for the consequent amphibians to protect themselves from dehydration (Strauss, 2014). Through the skin, the amphibians could also live underwater, and the thin skins can also protect their young ones. Conclusively, it is, therefore, arguable that the breathable amphibian skin developed as a result of the need to keep out water from their bodies but still allow air to pave in (Strauss, 2014). Despite the amphibians’ skin looking frail, its role has come in handy for these

Research paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 6

Research Paper Example Some misrepresentations however aim at esteeming an organization’s financial position to present a better image to stakeholders. I, in this paper, review cases of accounting fraud. Worthen reports a claim by Hewlett Packard that Autonomy, a United Kingdom based company that it acquired two years ago, had misrepresented its financial position to the harm of Hewlett Packard. Hewlett Packard reports that the acquisition was overvalued and the transfer of ownership led to an almost nine billion dollar write off and a consequent loss in hp’s trading. hp claims that its internal audit detected gross misrepresentation by Autonomy prior to the 2011 acquisition with claims of intentional motive to overstate both income and profitability of the organization. The perpetrators, according to the article, further intended to conceal such acts but Autonomy’s founder dismissed the claims as false. The founder, Mr. Lynch who worked with hp after the acquisition however cited poor management by the new owner of his former software enterprise as the possible cause of the financial conditions at Hewlett Packard. Reports of formal action by hp for legal investigations and action by both United States and United Kingdom authorities identified significance of the case that would transcend international legal systems. History of Hewlett Packard, prior to the acquisition, had however been marred with integrity compromises that led to reorganization of its top management and the departure of its two chief executives in 2010 and 2011. While Mr. Hurd had to resign in the year 2010 for conflict of interest that manifested in relationship with a client, his successor who also spearheaded the Autonomy deal bowed down to pressure after barely a year (Worthen 1). Investigations into the fraud case were initiated in May 2012 after Hewlett Packard’s lead legal personnel reported allegations from a member of Autonomy’s management team that gross manipulation of accounting records occurred before the property’s transfer to Hewlett Packard. While the informant’s anonymity was maintained, Autonomy’s auditing firm expressed its positions of having no interest of knowledge of such malpractices though the accounting firm did not express confidence in its client’s accounting records prior to the sales. Mr. Lynch however maintained that his former business was developed on integrity and was stable before internal differences among hp’s management team led to its collapse. Supporting Lynch’s allegations are reports of other managerial challenges such as mobility among hp’s top executives, reduced costs, increasing liabilities and reducing demand for some of the organization’s products. Even though private audit identified inconsistency in classification of items for recording, hp’s allegations of gross misrepresentation was downplayed by its representation by distinguished accounting fi rms during the acquisition and the fact that the firms did not detect such claims (Worthen 1). Even though existing information does not establish validity of the claim, Autonomy appears to have misrepresented its accounting records to portray a profitable and competitive enterprise that it was not. The primary motives of such misrepresentations have however not been established but occurrence prior to Autonomy’s sales suggest that the misrepresentation aimed at deceiving potential

Different Perspective Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Different Perspective - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that diversity means difference. Human diversity sets to explain the differences among people. The trends of diversity in the society have made the topic very imperative. Diversity has made the global market a competitive one. It has also encouraged the vivid change of the population believes. Diversity has enabled people to celebrate their different uniqueness because, in the society, there is reduced effort to fit in. People vary from one another. The subject of how people differ is unclear, and that is the reason why studies that involve individual differences are carried out. Such studies scrutinize variance, the difference between people and their central tendencies. The main aim of diversity awareness is to reveal the similarity and difference of people across varying situations. The researchers that study individual differences use genetic codes to determine the ethnic, social, sexual, and cultural differences. The methods that colle ct information for the studies range. Such methods are field studies, laboratory experiments, Principal Component Analysis, Factor Analysis and procedures of structural or multilevel modeling. The researchers identified that gender/sex and ethnicity are traits that are complex. These traits are useful because they include the social magnitude of diversity consciousness. Sexual orientation is the pattern of sexual attraction to opposite sexes or both.

Quantitative Analysis of Business Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Quantitative Analysis of Business - Coursework Example Determine the equations for each of the three constraints that are plotted on the attached â€Å"graph 1†, showing all work necessary to arrive at the equations.  Determine the equations for each of the three constraints that are plotted on the attached â€Å"graph 1†, showing all work necessary to arrive at the equations.  Identify each constraint as a minimum or maximum constraint.   The objective function is Z= 30X+72Y+90Subject to   7.5X + 7.5Y ≠¤ 30 (equation for Nutrient C)    6X + 12Y       ≠¤ 72 15X + 6Y ≠¤ 90          X ≠¥ 0, Y ≠¥ 0 Since the feasible region is below the constraints the constraints are minimum constraints. Determine the total contribution to profit, if the company produces a combination of cases of brand X and brand Y that lies on the purple objective function (profit line) as it is plotted on the attached â€Å"graph 1†.If the company chooses to produce a combination of brand X and Y as given in graph then the different combinations would be (0, 8), (1, 6.6), (2, 5.4), (3, 4), (4, 2.6), (5, 1.3), (6, 0). The contribution to profit at various combinations can be obtained using the objective function where profit= 30X+72Y+90 and substituting the value of X and Y for each set in this function we get profit for each combination.When the company produces 8 units of Brand Y and no Brand X the profit function is maximized (666). But this combination is outside the feasible region. So, the combination that gives maximum profit (468) to the producer within the optimal region is 3 units of X and 4 units of Y. The Total Contribution of Profit: The total contribution to profit which can be obtained by producing 3 units of brand X and 4 units of brand Y is 468 which is obtained by putting the values of X and Y in the profit

Management of Info Systems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Management of Info Systems - Essay Example This helps companies make decisions faster. In the case of Jackson Kayak, he is able to communicate to the company headquarters so that informed decisions are made (Laudon, 2013). The Chief Operations officer is also able to compare manufacturing equipments side-by-side with the images of replacement parts so that the company gets the correct pieces that will in turn help in improving the operational efficiency. The problems that whitewater kayak manufacturer solved by the use of mobile digital devices is accessing information while outside the company. In this case, Jackson is able to gain instant access to his entire operation from afar. He is able to approve new designs, analyze customer data, and refresh the content of its Web site. This has saved the company time that would have been taken by Jackson to travel to the headquarters, submit the information gathered so that a decision is made. The company has also been able to maintain its competitive advantage by analyzing customer data. This analysis helps the company be able to determine in good time the changing taste and preferences of its customers. As a result, the company is able to satisfy the needs of its customers and make the loyal to the company. General Electric (GE) has been able to manage gas turbine inventory and manage electronic transformers throughout the world by using the company’s Transformer Monitoring application. Monitoring applications also help the company to zoom in from a global map to a specific transformer, and be able to read all of the key performance indicators. Dow Corning executives have been able to use mobile devices to view and analyze real-time data from the company’s core corporate systems that include sales figures, trends, and projections. This presents the company’s managers with simple and intuitive dashboards of complex data. The company has also