Tuesday, May 19, 2020

Morality Is An Important Component Of A Human Being Because

Morality is an important component of a human being because it helps shape the ethical foundation that every human being has. Whether to be good, evil, honest, or deceitful are just some of the traits morality helps us develop. Thus, it is evident that morality is a crucial component of a human being. However, what ultimately drives moral action? This question is debated and investigated against many philosophers, a few of them being Thomas Hobbes, Frans de Waal, and David Hume. Hobbes believes that in the state of nature, humans have no laws, morals, police force, property, government, culture, knowledge, or durable infrastructure. Within this state of nature, people have no morals and do as they please without any consequence. As†¦show more content†¦Both are powerful forces that contribute to morality. However, Hume concludes that it is the sentiment, feeling, or pleasure that human beings feel that ultimately shape their morality. Both Hume and Hobbes have opposing views regarding whether or not humans are naturally moral. Hume believes that humans are naturally moral. According to Hume, humans derive their morality through sentiments or feelings that help shape behavior and action. Hobbes, however, believes that humans are selfish individuals and in turn do not have moral values. This is described as the state of nature. He further believes that humans do not have a unified moral code or system and must thus find a higher power that would help shape their behavior. Such a power, Hobbes argues, should be the government as it develops laws that all humans must abide by. Hobbes describes this as common wealth. Frans de Waal begins his argument by first stating the question as to whether or not a human’s moral actions originated from the psychological and behavioral nature of our evolutionary ancestors. He concludes this thought by saying that our moral actions do, in fact, originate from the psychological and behavioral nature of our evolutionary ancestors. De Waal further argues that the foundations of human morals are found in the primates of today. They are composed of actions and emotions whose evolutionary role assists us in our social organization and unity. In the beginning pages of his book, De WaalShow MoreRelatedEssay about Morality1221 Words   |  5 Pages Morality   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Moral philosophy is very important to the success of an individual. But, before I tell you why moral philosophy is so important, and how it has helped me in my life, let me give you a little background knowledge. Rational knowledge has two components. These components are material and formal. Formal knowledge is not object oriented, and is based on reason. Formal knowledge is logic, or the laws of thought. Material knowledge is object oriented, and has two components. TheseRead MoreWhat Does Robert Scruton Mean When He Says We Should Eat Our Friends?895 Words   |  4 Pagesencourage the thought of considering animals as our friends (and then, eat them). This chapter on eating our friends from the book, A Political Philosophy, by Robert Scruton poses the question: is it moral to eat animals? Scruton begins with the important claim that members of any monotheistic religion have mutually agreed that, â€Å"animals exist for our purposes and that we are entitled to use them, domesticate them and eat them, subject only to God’s inscrutable dietary laws† (Scruton 47). After theRead MoreAristotles Philosophy on Purpose Essay884 Words   |  4 Pagesdetermine how best to achieve happiness.† In order to achieve happiness, one must live a virtuous life, in the mind of Aristotle. Interest is sparked in this area that Aristotle writes of because there is a natural need for Ethics in human life. John K. Roth states, â€Å"Aristotle assumes that all things, human beings included, have a good, a purpose or end, which it is their nature to fulfill†. This helps one understand Aristotle’s way of thinking, and provides insight to the basis of his theories. ARead MoreMorality Essay examples1606 Words   |  7 PagesMorality is defined as a system or code that we humans use to differentiate between right and wrong. This system could be derived from a number of factors: religion, culture, and upbringing. It is difficult enough to determine what an individuals morals are, but going further to determine how we came to possess those morals is even more ambitious. Still, regardless of its difficulty, this subject consumes many philosophers and psychologists. One such moral psychologists, Jonathan Haidt, is theorizingRead MoreStudying Moral Philosophy732 Words   |  3 Pagesfelt that he has done something wrong or even immoral, and was encouraged to change his behavior. Even as a child many of us were constantly told: â€Å"Think about your behavior!† This reminder helps realize that one of the most powerful determinants of human behavior stems from our need to justify our actions. This feeling of discomfort caused by performing a certain action is called cognitive dissonance. However, sometimes justification of our actions, caused by cognitive dissonance, leads to the thought:Read MoreHumanities And Discuss The Role Of Role1468 Words   |  6 Pagesand document the human experience (Stanford Humanities). In order to understand our world, humans use philosophy, literature, religion, art and music. The knowledge of recording these human experiences gives us an opportunity to focus on our similarities and differences, and also to learn important life’s lesson. The textbook states that through arts, music, literature etc., important messages can be conveyed about many different subjects such as war, poverty, death, and other human conditions. HumanitiesRead MoreGeorge Rousseau And John Locke1502 Words   |  7 PagesMorality is the differentiation of intentions, actions, and decisions, between what is right or good, and what is wrong or bad. It can also be characterized as a body of principles or standards, derived from religion, philosophy or culture. There are different proposed systems of expressing morality, which include deontological and utilitarianism ethical systems, among others. Many philosophers have been attempting to explain the actual meaning of morality. Both Jean Rousseau and John Locke advocatedRead MoreHuman Nature Is A Complex System That Has Many Layers Of995 Words   |  4 Pages Human nature is a complex system that has many layers of its composition. With this, we tend to often ask ourselves â€Å"what consistencies are evident in the activity of happiness?† Happi ness is presented to us in a variety of forms that point us in the direction of having the same end result. Plato, Aristotle, Augustine, and Lewis each provided their own unique views on the accounts of happiness that are portrayed through human nature. With this, there are consistent principles of human nature thatRead MoreEthical Egoism1596 Words   |  7 Pagesprinciples, or our considerations of fairness and justice. The word â€Å"consideration† is used because every individual has their own standards for what they feel to be morally right versus what they feel to be morally wrong, however this concept is not as black and white as it may seem. We accredit our moral considerations to many external and internal factors. An example of an external factor is government laws because they are predetermined rules about behavior and action that have been societally deemedRead MoreThe Ethical And Ethical Views Behind Computer Scientists1622 Words   |  7 Pagescomputer scientists being responsible for the action that they take upon the problems that they can face from the systems that they design. They must be faced with the codes of ethics and the morality issues in order to acknowledge the user about the responsibility that they must encounter in order for the use of technology. In the case of the technological society, the IT technology must include security measures to avoid hacking and to be in line with legislations since it’s an important factor towards

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Analysis Of John Chaucer s The Canterbury Tales

Amanda O’Donnell Mrs. Joines English IV Honors 4 November 2014 Money and Greed: In Today’s Society and Canterbury Tales Money? Greed? A lot of people have some money at least. The everyday person doesn’t have all the money they want. Greed, by definition is an excessive or rapacious desire, especially for wealth or possession. At some point in time, there is always something someone is greedy for; it usually is money (let’s be honest, that’s the one thing people want the most.) People in today’s society always want more than what they have. Geoffrey Chaucer shows us this in The Canterbury Tales, especially in The Pardoner’s Tale. In order to achieve a better understanding of the story and the meaning behind The Pardoner’s Tale and The Canterbury Tales, the history of the author must be known. Geoffrey Chaucer wrote The Canterbury Tales; he sadly didn’t get to finish them. The exact date of birth is not known but the most common and accepted date is 1340 but 1343 is a more accurate estimate. People believe that he was born in London, because that is where his parents, John and Agnes, owned property.His dad was a successful wine merchant; he also had business ties to King Edward III. Through Mr. Chaucer’s life he held various different distinguishing professions. Some of the professions are courtier, soldier, diplomat, and civil servant. During his time period of writing, somewhere about 1392, writing was considered a pastime of a talented man, but it was notShow MoreRelatedAn Analysis Of Chaucer s The Canterbury Tales 2650 Words   |  11 PagesAn Analysis of Chaucer’s Miller in The Canterbury Tales In the prologue to The Canterbury Tales, Chaucer introduces the Miller as a crude, rude, loud character who cheats his customers. The tale, which the Miller later narrates, is appropriate because the Miller’s tale clearly reflects this individual’s unrefined personality by telling a typical, filthy tavern story. The Canterbury Tales, written by Geoffrey Chaucer, is a story that details thirty pilgrims, including Chaucer, traveling onRead More Contradictions in Chaucers The Canterbury Tales Essay3897 Words   |  16 PagesContradictions in Chaucers The Canterbury Tales There is no question that contradictory values make up a major component of The Canterbury Tales. Fate vs. Fortuna, knowledge vs. experience and love vs. hate all embody Chaucers famous work. These contrasting themes are an integral part of the complexity and sophistication of the book, as they provide for an ironic dichotomy to the creative plot development and undermine the superficial assumptions that might be made. 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Matton, La magie arabe traditionelle, Paris, 1977 (incomplete) Latin Picatrix: The Latin Version of the Ghà ¢yat Al-Hakà ®m, ed. David Pingree (London, Warburg Institute, 1986). Spanish Abul-Casim Maslama ben Ahmad: Picatrix (El fin del sabio y el mejor

Greek Mythology in Astronomy free essay sample

Mythology in Astronomy The creatures and deities in Greek mythology are said to have connection with the astronomy and the star constellations. In this fragment of Hesiods poem â€Å"Nymphs like the Graces, Phaesyle and Coronis and rich-crowned Cleeia and lovely Phaeo and long-robed Eudora, whom the tribes of men upon the earth call Hyades. † (Hesiod, Homeric Hymns, Epic Cycle, Homerica. 1922) titled Astronomy, he mentioned and catalogued many of the constellations based on creatures and gods in greek mythology. Mythological aspect of the astronomy are mostly covered on the northern hemisphere, which includes the 12 zodiac constellations and some other constellations. The zodiac constellations formed an imaginary circle which the sun, moon, and seven of the nine planets orbited in the space, for example the Taurus which symbolizes the bull which describe zeus, and the form he took when he carried off the phoenician maiden, Europa. The other constellations are the constellations located out of the imaginary circle or the zodiac circle. We will write a custom essay sample on Greek Mythology in Astronomy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page One example of the constellations are the Canis Major or Great Dog which describe several dogs that appeared in many classical myths. One of the story about it is from the book written by Hyginus titled Poetica Astronomica: He is said to have been given by Jove as a guardian for Europa, and later to have come to Minos. When Minos was ill, Procris, wife of Cephalus, is said to have cured him, and received the dog as a reward for her services, as she was very fond of hunting and the dog was so swift that no beast could escape. After her death the dog came to Cephalus her husband, who brought it to Thebes with him when he came. There was a fox there which was said to be so swift that it could outrun all dogs. So when the two animals met, Jupiter, in a dilemma, as Istrus says, changed them both to stone. Some have said that this is the dog of Orion, and because Orion was devoted to hunting, the dog was put with him among the stars. Others have called it the dog of Icarus. (Hyginus, C. Julius, Poetica astronomica) The other constellations can be added into zodiac constellations when the orbit of the planet passes certain constellations, for example, the Ophiuscus which bear the serpent sign that was recently added as the 13th zodiac sign. In addition to the constellations, mythological aspect of the astronomy also talks about the other heavenly bodies like the star clusters, galaxies, and nebulaes. Unlike constellations that most of them have mythical backgrounds, only few heavenly bodies have mythical backgrounds like Pleiades, Andromeda and Milky Way. However, constellations and the heavenly bodies have some similarities, and one of it is that they both have some unique way to be catalogued. The heavenly bodies have three different catalogue developed by three different people. The catalogue usually have prefix attached with numbers on it. The first catalogue are the Messier catalogue developed by Charles Messier, the catalogue uses the prefix M before the number and had catalogued around 109 clusters, nebulae, and galaxies in 1786. This catalogue are still used today. The second catalogue system is the new general catalogue or also known as the NGC, this catalogue was developed by Johan Ludvig Emil Dreyer in 1888 and has catalogued over 8000 objects. The last one is the index catalogue (IC) which was developed by J. L. E Dreyer, based on www. ngcicproject. org, the index catalogue gives notes and correction to the new general catalogue on the year 1888 to 1894 and add some findings on the year 1895 to 1907. The association of gods and the planets also worth mentioning if we talk about mythology and astronomy. Especially due to the facts that most of the planets today have the name of the gods, also on the old days, the ancient Greeks views the planets as a wandering stars. They also included sun and moon as a planet and was governed by titan and titaness. They also didnt add the planet that wasnt visible to the human eye at that time, so at that time, Pluto, Uranus, and Neptune wasnt included into the planetary list by the ancient astronomers.